Anaesthetics: types, use and efficacy

Anaesthetics are substances used to eliminate or reduce pain. They are used in medicine, dentistry and cosmetology. Modern anaesthetic drugs are divided into two main groups: local anaesthetics and general anaesthetics.

Types of anaesthetics

1. local anaesthetics

These agents block the transmission of nerve impulses in a specific area of the body, providing pain relief. They are often used in dentistry, dermatology and minor surgical procedures .

Popular local anaesthetics:

• Lidocaine – widely used in medicine and cosmetology.
• Novocaine – used in surgery and dentistry.
• Bupivacaine is a longer duration of action.

2. General anesthetics

These drugs cause complete unconsciousness, which is necessary in complex surgical operations.

Common general anaesthetics:

• Propofol is a fast-acting drug for anaesthesia.
• Sevoflurane is a gaseous anaesthetic used in inhalation anaesthesia.
• Ketamine – has a strong analgesic and sedative effect.

Use of anaesthetics

Anaesthetics are used in a variety of medical applications:

• Dentistry – for painless tooth extraction and caries treatment.
• Cosmetology – for laser procedures, injections and other manipulations.
• Surgery – to provide comfortable anaesthesia and post-operative pain relief.

Anaesthetics in cosmetology

In cosmetology, anaesthetics are used to minimise pain during various procedures. Among them:

• Laser hair removal – use of local anaesthetics to reduce discomfort.
• Injection procedures – Botox, fillers, mesotherapy.
• Peels and laser resurfacing – application of anaesthetic creams before deep procedures.

The most common local anaesthetics in cosmetology are lidocaine, prilocaine and their combinations. They are applied to the skin in the form of creams or gels, providing temporary anaesthesia.

Efficacy and safety of anaesthetics

Modern painkillers are safe when used correctly but can cause side effects. It is important to consider the dosage, possible allergic reactions and contraindications.

Side effects of anaesthetics:

• Dizziness, nausea.
• Allergic reactions
• Decreased blood pressure

Before administering anaesthesia, it is important to consult a doctor and inform about possible contraindications.

Conclusion

Anaesthetics play a key role in medicine, providing comfort to patients during procedures. The variety of painkillers allows you to choose the best option for each case. The main thing is competent application and control by a specialist.